Gambling is an activity in which you stake something of value on a game of chance with the hope of winning more than you lose. It can take many forms – from scratchcards and fruit machines to sports betting and casino games. It is often associated with illegal and unethical behaviour and has a long history of social and economic impacts, both positive and negative.
Although most people participate in gambling for entertainment, a small group become addicted and continue to gamble despite negative personal, social and financial consequences. Those who are addicted to gambling may have one or more of the following characteristics: an early big win, boredom susceptibility, impulsivity, poor understanding of random events and escape coping, use of alcohol or drugs to reduce negative feelings and stress and depression.
Some people who are prone to gambling addiction may have a genetic predisposition to the disorder. However, research suggests that there are a number of environmental factors that can also increase someone’s risk of developing an addiction to gambling. These include:
The best way to prevent problems with gambling is to be aware of the risks and take steps to avoid them. This includes setting limits on the amount of money you can spend and not using gambling as a way to get out of debt. It is also important to remember that gambling is not a profitable way to make money, and you should never gamble with more than you can afford to lose.
It is also important to balance gambling with other activities and not let it interfere with work, family, friends or hobbies. This helps you maintain a healthy attitude towards the gambling activity and keeps it from becoming addictive. You should also never try to chase your losses, which is known as the ‘gambler’s fallacy’. The more you try to win back your losses, the more likely you are to lose even more money.
If you have a loved one who has a problem with gambling, try to understand their situation and remember that they didn’t choose to become addicted. They may be gambling for coping reasons, for example to forget their worries or because it makes them feel self-confident.
Try to encourage them to seek professional help. They could discuss their issues with a trusted friend, family member or counsellor. There are also a number of free and effective treatments available to help with the addiction to gambling, including cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), group counselling and medication. Talk to your GP about treatment options.